Digital Authentication of the Type “friend‐or‐foe” by Means of One‐time Signatures
Alexei A. Gaivoronski, Pavel S. Knopov, Vladimir I. Norkin, Volodymyr A. Zaslavskyi · 2025
Authentication is the procedural identification of an entity with the purpose of verifying access rights to a specific resource. Along with key establishment, authentication is a well-studied topic in the public key cryptography. In contrast to traditional public-key authentication, the “friend-or-foe” authentication has some specific features. The main two are the presence of only one of two-round request–response interactions in an authentication session and the existence of two possible resulting decisions that are connected by negation relation. Among the wide range of digital signatures, the family one-time signatures (OTSs) stands out. The OTS name is given because from the individual signature form, we can get information that allows the constructing of signatures for some other messages. Therefore, for security reasons, signing keys cannot be used twice.