Classification in the Wider Philosophical Perspective of Informational Ontology. Lecture 2: Informational Ontology
Claudio Gnoli · Journal of Information and Knowledge · 2025
The recent informational paradigm suggests that there are relationships of formal dependence between the major levels of reality: matter, life, mind and culture, as each of them is a new way of recording models of other phenomena in some modular memory. Such memories – respectively energy, genomes, cognition and language – instruct the production of many copies of informed systems – that is bodies, organisms, behaviour and cultural heritage. The macro-level of culture is often reduced to the label of “social” but covers several sub-levels that have their characteristics. The objects of information science, including intellectual works and knowledge organization systems, belong to the sub-level of scholarship. Therefore they should be studied not just as mental, technical or social phenomena, but especially for the distinctive properties of scholarship, including active research initiative, explicit theories, scientific communication channels, cumulative knowledge recording and openness to criticism.