Differential Calculus
Ritu Shrivastava, Ramakant Bhardwaj, Satyendra Narayan · 2025
This chapter explains derivatives and their applications. It introduces some simple rules for finding the gradient of a function. The chapter helps the reader to apply differentiation to identify the maxima and minima of a function. Calculus is one of the most important discoveries in modern mathematics. The use of Calculus is everywhere, mainly in every branch of science and engineering, business, medicine, etc. In mathematics, a function represents the dependence of one quantity upon another. A limit is described as a number that the function approaches as a variable in an independent function gets closer to a particular value. Maxima and Minima are the two most often used concepts in differential calculus. The Euler-Lagrange calculus of variations can be used to identify the functions that maximize or decrease the functional area.