Quantum Computing in Data Security: Challenges and Opportunities
Tasfia Anwar, Kazi Hassan Shakib, Iqbal Hasan Sarker · 2025
Quantum computing is a groundbreaking technology that leverages the properties of quantum mechanics, such as superposition, interference, and entanglement, to perform computations that exceed the capabilities of classical computers. Researchers have been exploring various application areas of quantum computing, with significant advancements contributing to the field of data security. Quantum algorithms threaten traditional encryption systems by being able to break encryption methods currently considered secure. To address such challenges, this chapter explores the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics utilized in quantum computing and reviews the vulnerabilities of underlying mathematical problems that support current encryption techniques. Additionally, We have explained how quantum algorithms can break these systems and reviewed state-of-the-art strategies to develop stronger post-quantum cryptographic solutions. Finally, we have highlighted key applications of quantum computing in securing data and outlined future research directions to prepare for quantum-related challenges.