Deep Learning-Driven Cryptanalysis in Modern Encryption Systems
Venkateswaran Radhakrishnan, Vijayakumari Rodda, S Sowmiya, Abdur Rahman Sarker, R. Palanikumar, Asokan Ramasamy · 2025
With the rapid advancements in artificial intelligence, deep-learning-based cryptanalysis has emerged as a promising approach to evaluating the security of modern encryption algorithms. Traditional cryptanalysis methods, such as linear and differential attacks, often require extensive mathematical modelling and computational effort. In contrast, deep learning enables automated feature extraction and pattern recognition, potentially identifying cryptographic weaknesses more efficiently. This paper presents an advanced neural network-based cryptanalysis framework targeting modern encryption schemes, including AES, RSA, and lightweight block ciphers. We employ deep learning architectures such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Transformer models to analyse ciphertext-plaintext relationships and recover cryptographic keys. Additionally, we explore the impact of data preprocessing, hyperparameter optimization, and model interpretability on cryptanalysis accuracy. Our experiments demonstrate that deep learning can achieve significant improvements in key recovery probability compared to conventional approaches. However, we also highlight the computational challenges and practical limitations of deep-learning-based cryptanalysis. This study provides insights into the applicability of AI-driven techniques in cryptanalysis and their implications for cryptographic security.