Input-Independent Subject-Adaptive Channel Selection for Brain-Assisted Speech Enhancement
Qingtian Xu, Jie Zhang, Zhen-Hua Ling · IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing · 2025
Brain-assisted speech enhancement (BASE) that utilizes electroencephalogram (EEG) signals as an assistive modality has shown a great potential for extracting the target speaker in multi-talker conditions. This is feasible as the EEG measurements contain the auditory attention of hearing-impaired listeners that can be leveraged to classify the target identity. Considering that an EEG cap with sparse channels exhibits multiple benefits and in practice many electrodes might contribute marginally, the EEG channel selection for BASE is desired. This problem was tackled in a subject-invariant manner in literature, the resulting BASE performance varies significantly across subjects. In this work, we therefore propose an input-independent subject-adaptive channel selection method for BASE, called subject-adaptive convolutional regularization selection (SA-ConvRS), which enables a personalized informative channel distribution. We observe the abnormalover memoryphenomenon that facilitates the model to perform BASE without any brain signals, which often occurs in related fields due to the data recording and validation conditions. To remove this effect, we further design a task-based multi-process adversarial training (TMAT) approach by exploiting pseudo-EEG inputs. Experimental results on a public dataset show that the proposed SA-ConvRS can achieve subject-adaptive channel selections and keep the BASE performance close to the full-channel upper bound; the TMAT can avoid the over memory problem without sacrificing the performance of SA-ConvRS.