An examination of the environmental and climatic consequences stemming from the integration of the Metaverse into converging digital ecosystems
Mark Esposito, Tatiana Harkiolakis, Terence C. M. Tse, Danny Goh · International Journal of Environment Workplace and Employment · 2025
This paper delves into the environmental and climatic consequences stemming from the integration of the Metaverse into converging digital ecosystems. Current literature on the impacts of the Metaverse on the environment and climate change does not offer practical solutions and approaches to mitigate these impacts within the context of digital ecosystems. The research methodology adopted was an integrative literature review design in which multiple sources were analysed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the topic. Findings revealed five critical areas in which the Metaverse is most likely to have a notable impact on environmental sustainability and the climate: 1) energy consumption; 2) e-waste; 3) rare earth metals and conflict minerals; 4) changes in physical travel; 5) encouraging sustainable behaviours. The findings underscore the role of renewable and alternative resources, recycling initiatives, and cross-sector collaboration in mitigating the relevant negative impacts.