Bell nonlocality, asymmetric steering, and entanglement in a correlated-emission laser
Jamal El Qars, Ahmed Tirbiyine, Abdelaziz Labrag, Mohammed Khenfouch · Modern Physics Letters A · 2025
Quantum correlations play a fundamental role in quantum information science. Within bipartite mixed states, they can arise in different incarnations, i.e. Bell nonlocality, steering, and entanglement. Besides being of fundamental interest, they can all be exploited to attain enhancements in quantum information processing tasks over classical methods. Here, in a two-mode Gaussian state [Formula: see text], where the mode [Formula: see text]([Formula: see text]) is generated during the first(second) transition of a correlated-emission laser, we perform a comparative study between the three forms of quantum correlations in the presence of dissipation and thermal noise. We use the master equation of the state [Formula: see text] to obtain the first and second moments of the laser modes variables in the steady state regime. Under realistic experimental conditions, we show that Bell nonlocality could be exhibited by the state [Formula: see text] only when the two laser modes [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are weakly entangled, in contrast, it disappears when they are strongly entangled. Especially, we find that Bell nonlocality is strongly sensitive to thermal noise. Also, we show that the state [Formula: see text] can display one-way and two-way steering in a wide range of operating parameters. In particular, we demonstrate that one-way steering can be detected solely in the direction [Formula: see text]. Against thermal noise, entanglement is found to be more robust than steering, which is in turn found to be more robust than Bell nonlocality. The obtained results are helpful in understanding the behavior of quantum nonlocality in dissipative-noisy environments, and may find potential applications for quantum information tasks.