Optimizing a Mobile User Flow with Forcing Functions: A Strategy to Minimize Human Error in Automatic Body Sizing Systems
Hyunwook Kim, Seowoo Kim, S.H. Lee, Juyeon Park · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · 2025
This study developed a mobile user flow for automatic body sizing systems, integrating forcing functions to reduce human errors and enhance usability. In the preliminary stage, users examined existing applications, and identified critical design requirements highlighting challenges and opportunities for improvement. In the subsequent stage, an experiment was conducted to determine optimal photographic conditions, establishing ideal settings (3 m distance, 1 m height, and 0°–5° angle) to minimize image distortion. Using these conditions, a mobile user flow was designed, incorporating three types of forcing functions (interlocks, lock-ins, and lockouts), along with visual and auditory cues such as a guide silhouette and countdown timer. Usability improved significantly compared to existing applications, as evidenced by increased emotional ratings at p < 0.05. This study underscores the effectiveness of the human-centered design approach in developing a mobile user flow that facilitates a seamless photographic process and ensures accurate outcomes in automatic body sizing systems.