CRAVE: Analyzing Cross-Resource Interaction to Improve Energy Efficiency in Systems-on-Chip
Dipayan Mukherjee, Sam Hachem, Jiaji Bao, Curtis Madsen, Tian Ma, Saugata Ghose, Gul Agha · 2025
Mobile platforms make use of dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) to trade off runtime performance and power consumption for their systems-on-chip (SoCs). State-of-the-art governors in the OS use application-based characteristics to control the SoC's DVFS settings for CPU cores, as well as the GPU in some SoCs. Through experimental characterization of real-world mobile platforms, we find that key SoC components have a complex relationship with one another, which directly affects their performance and power usage. This relationship is dependent on the architecture of the SoC as it is caused by the interaction of processing elements such as the CPU and GPU through a shared main memory. Unfortunately, existing application-oriented governors do not explicitly capture this design-induced relationship.