Edge-Cloud Enabled Smart Sensing Applications with Personalized Federated Learning in IoT
Yingchi Mao, Yi Rong, Jiajun Wang, Zibo Wang, Xiaoming He, Jie Wu · 2024
The rapid development of deep learning technologies and the widespread deployment of sensing devices have brought considerable attention to Internet of Things (IoT). The smart sensing application is one of the popular applications in IoT. Personalized Federated Learning (pFL) is a replacement to traditional Federated Learning (FL) to tackle the statistical heterogeneity of clients’ private datasets (e.g., non-Independent and Identically (non-IID) data). However, existing pFL methods encounter two challenges in smart sensing applications: a) the global model preference, causing poor global model performance for minority classes on sensing device data. b) the dynamic role differences in each hierarchy of the layer-stacked deep learning model that needs to be considered. Jointly considering these challenges, we present a novel edge-cloud enabled pFL framework named pFL-Sensing for smart sensing applications. Specifically, the sensing device serves as an edge server. Each edge server produces a customized model through two phases: a model training phase and a model aggregation phase. In the model training phase, we design a novel loss function to alleviate the issue of the global model preference. In the model aggregation phase, hierarchical aggregation and an Adaptive Weight Calculation (AWC) mechanism are proposed to capture the dynamic role differences of model hierarchies. We perform simulation experiments on real image and text classification tasks. Experimental results show that pFL-Sensing demonstrates higher classification accuracy than advanced pFL baselines.