Method for Resonant Frequency Attenuation in Dynamic Audio Equalizer
Dilan Uriostegui-Hernandez, Juan Pablo Francisco Posadas-Durán, Francisco Javier Gallegos-Funes, Alberto Rosales, Erick Velázquez-Lozada, Laura Cleofas Sánchez, Armando Adrián Miranda-González · Applied Sciences · 2025
The attenuation of resonant frequencies across the entire spectrum of an audio signal is important because it helps to eliminate the harshness, sibilance, clear muddiness, boominess, and proximity effect of any sound source. This paper presents a method for the attenuation of resonant frequencies across the entire spectrum of an audio signal. A spectrum obtained by the Fast Fourier Transform is segmented into bands—one-third octave bands and Equivalent Rectangular Bandwidth-scale bands—in order to obtain the maximum value per band. Additionally, a curve representing the general shape of the spectrum is generated using the standard deviation to create a threshold curve for detecting resonant frequencies. The array with maximum values per bands and the array with the threshold curve are used to detect the resonant frequencies and calculate the attenuation for each filter. Subsequently, the coefficients of a second-order section of IIR-Peak filters are calculated for processing the input signal. Twenty audio files from different sources are utilized to test the algorithm. The output produced is then compared to that produced by the commercially available Soothe2 and RESO plug-ins. The Root Mean Square Level and the Loudness Units Full Scale integrated metrics are reported. The proposed plug-in output is more attenuated than the output from commercial plug-ins under factory conditions. The average RMS attenuation is −2.32 dBFS, while Soothe2 and RESO exhibit −1.27 dBFS and −1.10 dBFS, respectively. The attenuation per octave band over time is calculated using the Wavelet Transform. Finally, an annotator agreement used as a subjective result is made with 40 people related to audio and music in order to verify if the attenuation generated by the present work at resonant frequencies agrees with subjective opinion. The octave band analysis and annotator agreement show that the proposed plug-in performs better on audio from vocal, percussion, and guitar ensembles.