An Early History of the Military Metaverse
Andy Fawkes, David J. H. Burden · 2025
The first two chapters provide a history of the use of metaverse technologies in the military, particularly in the areas of design, maintenance, training, planning, and operations. The first chapter starts in Roman and Medieval times with early physical training simulations and then looks at wargaming as it developed during the 1800s, and then into the 1900s and the early mechanical and then electrical mechanical aircraft simulators. Developments are tracked through to the use of cameras and small-scale terrain models and to the arrival of SIMNET and widespread computer simulation in the 1980s.