Detection, Challenges for Wormhole Attacks and Blackhole Attacks in WSN to Find the Shortest Path of the Node Using the Traditional Algorithm
R. Barath Ramesh, Thangaraj S. John Justin · 2025
These networks are seriously threatened by wormhole and blackhole attacks, which manipulate the routing protocol for malicious paths to disrupt data communication. Classic route optimization algorithms between nodes include Dijkstra's and AODV; these might fall to those types of attacks. The present paper intends to give an overview of the detection, mitigation strategies, and challenges of prevention methods of Wormhole and Blackhole attacks over WSNs. This paper, therefore, is concerned with the impacts of these attacks on network dynamics and provides for a detection and mitigation scheme coupling conventional algorithms with trust-based metrics and secure routing enhancements. Beyond that, one can estimate the efficiency of the proposed methodology in detecting malicious nodes, preserving packet integrity, and making routing hence resilient by simulations in NS3. These results indicate improved network performance with lower latency, higher packet delivery rates, and extended lifetime, thus providing a practical solution for enhancing security in WSNs.