Hybrid integrated Gbps quantum random number generator based on laser phase fluctuation
Zitao Huang, Jialiang Li, Ye Chen, Xiaodong Fan, Tonglin Mu, Junran Guo, Jinquan Huang, Minjie Liu, Xinyi Wu, Lianye Liao, Ziran Xie, Zhiyu Tian, Shi-Hai Sun · Optics Express · 2025
The quantum random number generator (QRNG) operates based on fundamental quantum mechanical principles to produce high-quality random numbers. Recently, chip-based QRNGs have garnered significant attention due to their compact size, low cost, and reduced power consumption. In this work, we demonstrate a hybrid integrated QRNG leveraging continuous-wave (CW) laser phase fluctuations. Using advanced hybrid packaging techniques, we integrate a tunable, unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer (uMZI), laser, and InGaAs photodiode (PD) within a 14-pin butterfly package. To enhance the long-term stability and reliability of the QRNG, a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor is also attached to the chip for thermal regulation. The resulting integrated QRNG has a footprint of just 30 mm × 12.7 mm, and delivers a random number generation rate of 4.68 Gbps after min-entropy evaluation and post-processing. The combination of compact size and high-speed performance makes this hybrid integrated QRNG ideal for high-speed, large-scale applications.