Enhancing Blockchain Scalability Through Layer 1 and Layer 2 Solutions: A Comparative Analysis
Komal Bhosale, Maitri Waghmare · International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology · 2025
Abstract: Blockchain scalability remains one of the most crucial challenges proscribing its good-sized adoption. This paper explores each Layer 1 and Layer 2 scalability answers, analysing their underlying mechanisms, benefits, and alternate-offs. We delve into advancements which include sharding, rollups, sidechains, and state channels, highlighting their contributions to enhancing blockchain overall performance. additionally, this study presents a comparative analysis of protocols like Lightning community, Plasma, Raiden network, and eltoo, evaluating their effectiveness in addressing transaction throughput, latency, safety, and decentralization. The findings intention to manual developers and researchers in deciding on appropriate scalability answers for numerous blockchain applications.