Cross-Scenario Device-Free Wireless Sensing With a Free-Energy View
Bo Chen, Jie Wang, Xiaokai Liu, Qinghua Gao, Miao Pan, Yuguang Michael Fang · IEEE Internet of Things Journal · 2025
Device-free wireless sensing (DFWS) has gained significant attention due to its high accuracy and privacy-preserving capabilities. DFWS systems work by analyzing the influence pattern of targets on the surrounding wireless signals. However, changes in the sensing scenario can alter signal propagation patterns, causing deep learning models to lose effectiveness in cross-scenario applications. To address this problem, we analyze the information content of different samples from a free-energy view, and provide a new idea to guide the alignment of target scenario samples with source scenario samples based on free-energy. We find that free-energy can measure the degree of scenario knowledge contribution of the samples. Based on this observation, we first perform unsupervised coarse alignment by minimizing the free-energy deviation between scenarios. Next, we iteratively select a few number of high-free-energy samples near the decision boundary to fine-tune the network, achieving scenario fine alignment with a small labeling effort. Extensive experiments on two public datasets and one self-collected dataset show that our proposed method achieves high accuracy in cross-scenario human activity and gesture recognition tasks.