Optimal Control of the Green Low-Carbon Base Station System Based on the Concept of Energy Router
Guangyi Shao, Tong Liu, Yanjia Wang, Yanjia Wang, Yuhui Wang, Yuhui Wang, Yuhui Wang, Qi Wang · Processes · 2025
This paper establishes an energy router system for green and low-carbon base stations, a −48 V DC bus multi-source parallel system including photovoltaic, wind turbine, grid power, and energy storage batteries, and studies the control strategy managing system energy distribution. Firstly, from the perspective of system physical layer design, we combine multiple power circuits to complete the design of the system’s modular power conversion circuits and linearize the power electronic converters for modeling and analyze their stability. Different control strategies are proposed for different power converters to ensure the stable operation of the system. Secondly, from the perspective of overall energy optimal control, we construct system operating states and control algorithms based on the switching strategy of the energy router between different operating states of the system and use a heuristic algorithm based on rolling optimization to achieve the optimal control of the system at the physical level. Finally, we use Simulink to simulate and verify the state switching of the multi-source system, analyze control results according to the actual typical working conditions, and conduct experiments on the overall system. Simulations demonstrate that the system can achieve smooth transitions among various modes. The results of actual experiments show that the established multi-source system can save 60.28% of energy utilization costs annually, and the bus voltage control strategy can be effectively implemented while maintaining an appropriate voltage deviation.