Design of multi-stage spectrum sensing via layer customized convolutional neural network for cooperative communication
Siddaling Bharatnoor, Vilaskumar M. Patil · Australian Journal of Electrical & Electronics Engineering · 2025
Cognitive radios make extensive use of cooperative spectrum sensing to make optimum use of the accessible spectrum. Multi-stage spectrum sensing in cooperative communication refers to a technique used in cognitive radio systems where multiple stages of sensing are employed to improve the accuracy spectrum sensing. Accordingly, this paper proposes a unique design of ISDP-AL-CNN-based multi-stage spectrum sensing for cooperative communication. The multi-stage spectrum sensing is performed under two stages: (i) Determining the presence of PU and (ii) Detect the availability of unused radio spectrum. In stage 1, the energy detection approach is performed for each received signal and then compare the energy detected signal with threshold to determine whether PU is present or not. In stage 2, the features such as SNR and PSD are extracted from the received signal and subjected to obtain feature vector and fed the formulated feature into Fusion centre to extract intense features. Further, the retrieved features are given to the ISDP-AL-CNN model to train the features. The ISDP-AL-CNN model adopts ISDP-based attention layer for better performance of the training network. Moreover, it uses SVD to set the data label in the ISDP-AL-CNN model and proficiently detects the spectrum availability in the CR-IoT network.