Optimal Positioning of UAV Base Stations using Mixed-Integer Linear Programming
Gowtham Raj Veeraswamy Premkumar, Bryan Van Scoy · Preprints.org · 2025
In wireless communications, traditional base-stations act as the backbone for providing network connectivity to users. These base-stations, however, require significant resources to construct and are therefore not suitable for remote areas and disaster scenarios. This challenge makes them unfit for deployment in remote areas or in disaster scenarios where fast network establishment is necessary. To address these challenges, cellular base stations installed on Unmanned Aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be an alternative solution. UAVs provide quick deployment capability and can adapt to changing environmental situations, making them ideal for dynamic network scenarios. In this paper we address the critical issue of UAV positioning to maximize the total user coverage, which can be formulated as an mixed-integer linear program. Given the complexity of larger-scale scenarios related to number of users, we suggest a two-step method. First, we group users into clusters and then we optimize the UAV positions with respect to these clusters. This approach introduces a trade-off among computational time efficiency and optimality, which can be tuned by adjusting the number of clusters. By varying the number of clusters, we balance computation time with the optimality of the UAV locations, allowing flexible deployment in diverse scenarios.