Optimizing Energy Efficiency and Network Performance in Wireless Sensor Networks: An Evaluation of Routing Protocols and Swarm Intelligence Algorithm
K. Yasotha, K. Meenakshi Sundaram, J. Vandarkuzhali · International Journal of Computational and Experimental Science and Engineering · 2025
The research explores advanced routing protocols and swarm intelligence algorithms to enhance energy efficiency in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), focusing on optimizing network performance. It examines the performance of Hierarchical Energy-Efficient Distributed (HEED), Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH), and Threshold-sensitive Energy Efficient sensor Network (TEEN) protocols, alongside swarm intelligence technique Chaotic Based Firefly Algorithm (CFA). Swarm Intelligence algorithms enhance WSNs by addressing routing challenges and cluster head selection. The study introduces a novel method for mitigating malicious routes and optimizing cluster heads using these algorithms. Evaluation measures include Latency, Packet Delivery Ratio, End-to-End Delay, Throughput, Energy Consumption, and Network Lifetime, aiming to identify strategies for enhancing network performance and sustainability