GEDIR-MST: Geographic Routing Enhanced By Minimum Spanning Tree for Efficient Data Transmission in Wireless Sensor Networks
Nithya K., R. Kousalya · International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering · 2024
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are decentralized networks of autonomous sensor nodes equipped with sensing, processing and communication capabilities. Geographic Routing Enhanced by Minimum Spanning Tree is a novel routing algorithm specifically designed for WSNs. This algorithm integrates the principles of geographic routing with the construction of a Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) to enhance data transmission efficiency within the network. The process begins with networks’ initialization, where the sensor nodes are deployed and assigned unique IDs and geographic coordinates. Data transmission uses the Geographic Distance Routing GEDIR method, whereby each node chooses the neighbour geographically near the target. Simultaneously, a distributed algorithm constructs a Minimum Spanning Tree, ensuring the minimal total edge weight and optimizing factors like communication cost and energy consumption. MST is the backbone of routing path determination in which the nodes navigate through a tree using geographic routing principles to reach the destination efficiently. The combination of GEDIR and MST in GEDIR-MST Routing aims to significantly improve routing efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and enhance the overall network performance in WSN.