A Primer on Quantum Computing and Quantum Communications
Christoph Capellaro · 2024
It took only 40 years from the first ideas about using quantum physics as a basis for computing to the first working computers and the topic is gaining speed. Progress in quantum computer hardware development is accelerating significantly. When scientists started keeping a single qubit alive some 20 years ago, they struggled manipulating it in any useful manner. We now not only have quantum computers with hundreds and even over a thousand of qubits available, but they also provide a set of universal logical gates. This chapter lays the foundation to understand the mathematics behind this fascinating development by investigating the fundamental principles of quantum computing and quantum communications. We introduce the basic concepts like superposition, entanglement, and qubits.