Improving urban intersection safety insights from simulation analysis
Chaiwat Yaibok, Piyapong Suwanno, Thaksakorn Pornbunyanon, Chollada Kanjanakul, Paramet Luathep, Atsushi Fukuda · IATSS Research · 2024
This research explores enhancing intersection safety, a critical aspect of urban traffic management, by analyzing the effects of infrastructure modifications and understanding driver behavior. Centered on a critical junction near Sichon Municipality, the study evaluates three proposed redesign scenarios using the VISSIM simulation tool and the Safety Surrogate Assessment Model (SSAM). These scenarios include the implementation of a roundabout with guidance feature (Model 2), the introduction of a dumbbell-shaped roundabout (Model 3), and the construction of a roundabout without turning points (Model 4). Findings suggest that Models 2 and 4, which incorporate roundabouts, can reduce conflict points, potentially decreasing traffic collisions. However, these models also indicate possible increases in travel times and queue lengths, highlighting the trade-offs between enhancing safety and maintaining traffic efficiency. An in-depth analysis of Deltas (ΔS) values through Optimized Hot Spot Analysis reveals areas with high and low collision severity, providing direction for targeted safety measures. The study demonstrates the complex effects of intersection redesigns on safety and traffic flow. For instance, Model 3 shows increased conflict points, emphasizing the need for specific design considerations to counteract potential negative impacts. Conversely, Model 4 achieves streamlined traffic flow but necessitates careful design to prevent new safety risks. This research underscores the need for a comprehensive approach to intersection safety that combines infrastructure improvements with insights into driver behavior. By utilizing advanced simulation tools and analyzing driving behavior, the study contributes valuable insights towards designing and assessing traffic safety interventions, aiming for safer and more efficient urban traffic environments. • Dive VISSIM and SSAM simulations reshaping our understanding of traffic flow and safety at urban intersections. • Potential of new intersection designs to reduce traffic accidents and enhance safety for all road users. • How simulation analysis provides data to help urban planners and engineers improve intersection design. • Creative solutions to manage and reduce traffic congestion and delays in the city's busiest area.