Artificial intelligence reading digital mammogram: enhancing detection and differentiation of suspicious microcalcifications
Sahar Mahmoud Mansour, Omnia Mokhtar, Mennat-Allah Samir Mohammed Abd El Galil, Sherif Nasser Taha, Ola Magdy Mohamed Shetat · British Journal of Radiology · 2024
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on enhancing the sensitivity of digital mammograms in the detection and specification of grouped microcalcifications. METHODS: The study is a retrospective analysis of grouped microcalcifications for 447 patients. Grouped microcalcifications detected were correlated with AI, which was applied to the initial mammograms. AI provided a heat map, demarcation, and quantitative evaluation for abnormalities according to the degree of suspicion of malignancy. Histopathology was the standard for confirmation of malignancy. RESULTS: AI showed a high correlation percentage of 67.5% between the red colour of the colour hue bar and malignant microcalcifications (P-value <.001). The scoring of probable cancer was suggested (ie, more than 50% abnormality scoring) in 39.5% of true cancer lesions. The diagnostic performance of mammography for grouped microcalcifications revealed a sensitivity of 94.7% and a negative predictive value of 82.1%. False negatives were only 12 out of 228 that proved malignant calcifications. The agreement of cancer probability between standard mammograms and examinations read by AI presented a Kappa value of -0.094 and a P-value of <.001. CONCLUSIONS: The used AI system enhanced the sensitivity of mammograms in detecting suspicious microcalcifications, yet an expert human reader is required for proper specification. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: Grouped calcifications could be early breast cancer on a mammogram. The morphology and distribution are correlated with the nature of breast diseases. AI is a potential decision support for the detection and classification of grouped microcalcifications and thus positively affects the control of breast cancer.