A Dumbbell Shape Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface for mm-wave 5G Application
International journal of intelligent engineering and systems · 2024
The growing demand for high-speed wireless communication systems, coupled with increasing environmental complexities, has made Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) a promising solution.This paper presents the design and development of a novel one-bit RIS array targeted at millimeter-wave (mm-wave) applications to address the challenges associated with path loss at high operating frequencies.The proposed RIS design features a compact unit cell size of 11x11 mm², achieved through a single-layer structure using a dielectric material with a permittivity of 3.38.An AlGaAs PIN diode serves as the control element, enabling tunability for high-frequency applications.The unit cell employs a circular dumbbell shape and is designed using the CST Simulator to operate at a center frequency of 32.8 GHz, with a wide bandwidth ranging from 30 to 35 GHz.The design provides a reflection phase shift of 180 degrees between the on and off states, with a high reflection amplitude in both states, ensuring efficient beamforming.This paper presents a step-by-step process for simulating the RIS and gradually increases the array size from 2x2 to 4x4, and eventually to 16x16.