An array of highly directive printed fractal radiators for D2H applications
Kalyan Sundar Kola, Anirban Chatterjee · 2024
Modern communication systems rely heavily on microstrip radiators for a variety of purposes [ 1 , 2 ]. Patch antennas are the best choice as they are small, portable, sturdy, inexpensive, and easy to set up [ 1 , 2 ]. Due to these characteristics, they are well-suited for an extensive range of applications, such as electronic support measures, mobile communication devices, and radar systems [ 1 , 2 ]. Data transmission, satellite telephone, and television are among the several applications that use the Ku-band spectrum in the early morning hours. Microstrip radiators are widely used because they can function in the ITUs Ku-band frequency range of 12.20 to 12.70 GHz. Linearly polarized antennas considerably impact satellite applications [ 1 – 4 ]. The antennas feature improved signal reception, lower signal degradation, stronger multipath interference resistance, flexible deployment options, satellite system compatibility, and decreased interference sensitivity. Direct broadcast satellite (DBS) applications are well-suited for linearly polarized antennas due to their dependability and favorable signal-to-noise ratio. Nevertheless, conventional patch antennas are constrained in their maximal bandwidth by a quality factor ( Q n ) [ 13 – 21 ].