Modeling and Harmonic Balance Analysis of Superconducting Parametric Amplifiers for Qubit Readout: A Tutorial
Daryoush Shiri, Hampus Renberg Nilsson, Pavan Telluri, Anita Fadavi Roudsari, Vitaly S. Shumeiko, Christian Fager, Per Delsing · IEEE Microwave Magazine · 2024
The parametric modulation of reactive elements in circuits for amplification dates back to World War I, when Alexanderson and others proposed magnetic amplifiers for radio transmitters[1],[2],[3],[4]. The low-noise figure of the first parametric amplifiers, as a result of using passive elements, was on par with the standard at the time[5].