The Integrated Circuit
Robert H. Chen, Chelsea Chen · 2024
The CMOS-dominated monolithic integrated circuit liberated the computer from the “tyranny of numbers” of wiring connections to spawn the big-iron IBM 360 mainframe and the tiny microprocessor to power the pocket calculator and the Altair home-build computer kits and ultimately the Apple personal computer, which with the advent of the liquid crystal display in turn shrinks to the boundless mobile smartphone and the beginning of the collection of the Big Data that would fill the training datasets for a rtificial i ntelligence machines.