Moving on From Spreadsheets
Jordan Goldmeier · 2023
Many people and organizations used Excel Spreadsheets, not because everybody loved it, but because Excel was immediately and easily accessible. But near the start of the 2010s, attention began to focus on two major free languages that could seemingly do more than Excel—R and Python. This chapter re-creates some of the previous analyses in R rather than Excel—same data, same algorithms, different environment. One can start programming R immediately using an online R integrated development environment. A dataframe is the ideal way to work with real-world, database table–style data in R. Essentially, it is a two-dimensional column-oriented sheet of data where columns can be treated as numeric or categorical vectors. Base R is the native way of working in R. The chapter focuses on spherical K-means and building artificial intelligence models on the pregnancy data.