HCI Design Perspectives, Trends and Approaches
David Lamas, Vladimir Tomberg · 2024
The role of theory in human–computer interaction (HCI) is of utmost importance. HCI theory serves as a fundamental framework for comprehending the dynamics of HCIs and offers valuable guidance in the design of interactive systems. However, the significance of HCI theory extends beyond the creation of new interactive systems, as it also facilitates the evaluation of existing systems and the identification of areas for enhancement. Drawing from a range of disciplines such as Human Factors & Ergonomics, Psychology, Design Studies, Computer Science and Information Sciences, Social Sciences, Humanities, Arts and Neurophysiology and Neuroscience, this chapter presents a comprehensive overview of the knowledge foundations that inform the field of Human–Computer Interaction Design. Furthermore, this chapter delves into the multifaceted realm of HCI design, addressing the prevalent confusion surrounding terminology. It outlines four primary design approaches, commencing with “Author-Centred Design” and its potential limitations, followed by an exploration of “Systems-Centred Design” and its analytical nature, highlighting its value in crafting user-centric solutions. The focal point of this chapter lies in the detailed examination of “User-Centred Design,” tracing its historical roots and methodological elements, all underpinned by ISO standards. Lastly, this chapter introduces “Activity-Centred Design,” emphasising the importance of user behaviour and tasks. Throughout this chapter, the emphasis is placed on the criticality of selecting a design paradigm that aligns with the specific needs of the project and the expertise of the designer.