Securing the Satellite Software Stack
Samuel Jero, Juliana Furgala, Max A Heller, Benjamin Nahill, Samuel Mergendahl, Richard Skowyra · 2024
Satellites and the services enabled by them, like GPS, real-time world-wide imaging, weather tracking, and worldwide communication, play an increasingly important role in modern life.To support these services satellite software is becoming increasingly complex and connected.As a result, concerns about its security are becoming prevalent.While the focus of security for satellites has historically been on encrypting the communications link, we argue that a fuller consideration of the security of satellites is necessary and presents unique challenges.Satellites are becoming increasingly accessible to attackers-thanks to supply chain attacks and Internet connected ground stations-and present a unique set of challenges for security practitioners.These challenges include the lack of any real ability for a human to be physically present to repair or recover these systems, a focus on safety and availability over confidentiality and integrity, and the need to deal with radiation-induced faults.This work characterizes the cyber threats to satellite systems, surveys the unique challenges for satellite software, and presents a future vision for research in this area.