MR2LAR: Mobility and Range Restricted Location Aided Routing for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks
International journal of intelligent engineering and systems · 2024
In Mobile AdHoc networks, routing overhead is found as major problem at the time of route discovery process due to excessive Route Request (RREQ) Packets Rebroadcasting.To reduce the routing overhead, few researchers has been proposed Location Aided Routing (LAR) protocol by restricting the packets rebroadcasting to specific zone called as request zone.However, the LAR is static in nature and the sides of request zone are parallel to the horizontal and vertical axes of network.Such kind of zone still allows some nodes to rebroadcast the packets.In addition, LAR is much sensitive to mobility of nodes and results in huge delay at larger node speeds.Hence, this paper proposes a new protocol called as Mobility and Range Restricted LAR (MR 2 LAR) which derives an adaptive request zone based on the node speed and location coordinates of source and destination nodes.MR 2 LAR establishes a rectangular shaped tilted request zone which adaptively adjusts and keeps the sides of request zone parallel to the line connecting between source and destination nodes.Upon formation of request zone, the source node broadcasts the RREQ packets into the network by appending destination node location.After receiving the RREQ packets by intermediate node, it checks for rebroadcasting if it lies within the zone otherwise it simple drops the packet.An extensive simulation experiments are carried out over the proposed model and the performance is measured through Routing Overhead, Delay, Packet Delivery ratio and throughput at different node speeds and communication ranges.Further, the performance of proposed MR 2 LAR is compared with state-of-the-art approaches such as P-LAR, EALAR -PSO, and EAMO-LAR and proves its effectiveness.On an average, routing overhead, route discovery delay, packet deliver ratio, and throughput of MR 2 LAR mechanism for varying node speed are 26.5000,268msec, 76.6780%, and 447.5000Kbps respectively.