DECODING NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING: AN IN-DEPTH EXPLORATION OF FIELD, CONSTITUENTS, COMPONENTS, PHASES, AND APPLICATIONS
Fathima Shahadiya K, Peer Fatima · 2023
This book chapter provides a comprehensive examination of Natural Language Processing (NLP), a dynamic and interdisciplinary field at the crossroads of linguistics, computer science, and artificial intelligence. Beginning with an overview of the NLP field, the chapter discusses its evolution and fundamental challenges, emphasizing its pivotal role in bridging human language understanding with computational algorithms. Delving into the constituents of NLP, the chapter dissects linguistic features, syntax, semantics, and discourse analysis. It highlights the significance of machine learning and deep learning in enhancing NLP applications, offering a nuanced understanding of the building blocks that enable machines to comprehend and generate human language. The components of NLP systems, such as tokenization, part-of-speech tagging, and sentiment analysis, are meticulously examined, revealing insights into the techniques employed to address the complexities of processing natural language. The chapter also navigates through the phases of NLP, covering preprocessing, feature extraction, model training, and evaluation, providing a systematic approach for developing robust language models. Concluding with a focus on real-world applications, the chapter showcases NLPs impact on information retrieval, sentiment analysis, chatbots, and language translation, highlighting its transformative influence on diverse industries. This chapter serves as a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, and students, offering a comprehensive understanding of NLPs current state and future potential.