PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF SYNERGETIC MODELLING
Leo Näpinen · Eesti Teaduste Akadeemia toimetised. · 1993
The concepts of organization and self-organization are explained philosophically (i.e. they are considered as philosophical categories).The philosophical foundations of syner- getic modelling are characterized from the position of philosophical interpretation of these concepts.They are compared with philosophical foundations of cybernetic modelling.The categories of organization and seli-organization can be distinguished from each other on the basis of their relations to consciousness or some external ordering factors.The category of organization denotes the process which is created by consciousness or some external ordering factors.The category of self-organization denotes the process which is created beyond consciousness or some external ordering factors.The categories of organization and self-organization are semantically connected with each other by the category of goal.In the case of organization the goal originates from consciousness.In the case of self-organization, the goal is not produced by consciousness.Cybernetic modelling starts from the category of organization.Synergetic modelling proceeds from the category of self-organization.The cybernetic models reflect the states which retain their previous quality.The synergetic models reflect the irreversible transitions from one quality into another.Self-organization, as it has been proved in synergetics, is possible only under the conditions of strong non-equilibrium.The mechanism of coordination of elementary actions т self-organization does not depend upon the nature of the system's elements.Cybernetics and synergetics are exact sciences and therefore they do not examine consciousness, In society, however, conscious actions are added to self-organization.Here the nature of the system's elements, that is of the individuals (personalities), starts to play an essential role.The understanding of connection between organization and self- organization enables to build up more perfect models in order to control natural and social processes.'*