Optimal Distributed Underfrequency Load Shedding With Energy Cell–Tissue Architecture Through Adaptive Partition
Hui Liu, Zhiqiang Luo, Jinling Li, Haimin Xie, Zhijun Qin, Ni Wang, Jiarui Tian · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics · 2024
In this article, an adaptive distributed underfrequency load shedding strategy is proposed to ensure the frequency stability of power systems considering the communication latency and frequency recovery. To implement the distributed control, a set of separated zones are adaptively constructed by considering the angular coherence among different buses as the partition radius. While modeling one zone as an energy tissue and simultaneously considering a dispatchable load as an energy cell, a cyber-physical framework is proposed with the multiagent system based on a two-layer energy-cell–tissue structure. In the energy tissue layer, the nearest neighbor consensus algorithm and consensus weighting protocol are combined to address the adaptive coordination of load-shedding tasks for energy tissues under the incomplete information. In the energy cell layer, a distributed model is proposed to determine the optimal location and amount of load shedding based on the proposed sensitivity metric. Simulation results on the IEEE 39-bus system show that the proposed method can achieve better performances in ensuring the load shedding with the communication latency and recovering the frequency level with the load-shedding cost, compared with the existing approaches.