Reducing Latency of DAG-based Consensus in the Asynchronous Setting via the UTXO Model
Keyang Liu, Maxim Jourenko, Mario Larangeira · 2023
DAG-based consensus has attracted significant interest due to its high throughput in asynchronous network settings. However, existing protocols such as DAG-rider (Keidar et al., PODC 2021) and “Narwhal and Tusk” (Danezis et al., Eurosys 2022) face two undesired practical issues: (1) high transaction latency and (2) high cost to verify transaction outcomes. To address (1), this work introduces a novel commit rule based on the Unspent Transaction Output (UTXO) Data Model, which allows a node to predict the transaction results before triggering the commitment. We propose a new consensus algorithm named “Board and Clerk”, which reduces the transaction latency by half for roughly 50% of transactions according to our experiments. As the tolerance for faults escalates, more transactions can partake in this latency reduction. In addition, we also propose the Hyper-Block Model with two flexible proposing strategies to tackle (2): blocking and non-blocking. Using our proposed strategies, each node first predicts the transaction results if its proposal is committed and packs this result as a commitment in its proposal. The hyper-block packs the proposal’s signature, and the consensus layer outputs to prove the transaction results.