5G and Cognitive Radio
K. Nagamani, R. Bhagya · 2024
In the present scenario, due to the advancement in wireless and mobile technology, there has been a significant increase in the number of wireless devices and also an increase in smart technology. Mobile and wireless communication will increasingly become the primary media for humans and machines to access information to provide services. This will lead to socioeconomic changes including improvements in productivity, sustainability, entertainment and well-being. There is significant growth in the Internet of Things (IoT) due to an enormous increase in the connected devices in every sector. There is huge demand for the spectrum every hour as more and more devices are connected. The spectrum is limited; it has to be used in a smart way as there is no free spectrum available to support the huge demand of the connected wireless devices and to support the data traffic. The spectrum which is allocated to the licensed users is not optimally utilized; sometimes it is overused and sometimes it is underutilized. Fifth-generation network (5G) supports significantly faster mobile broadband speeds and heavier data usage than previous generations and also enables the full potential of the Internet of Things. Due to an extensive advancement in the 5G technology, one of the important technologies used is the Cognitive radio (CR) system, which is expected to be one of the technical solutions of innovation and development of future wireless systems. The CR system in the 5G network is finding an emerging and potential application by employing CR capabilities used to overcome the shortfall of the spectrum and optimally make use of the available spectrum. The CR dynamically senses the free spectrum available or unutilized and allots to the unlicensed users without affecting the licensed users. This provides a more efficient way of using the limited radio resources.