The Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks: An Energy-Efficient Cooperative Routing Scheme
Hitesh Kalra · 2023
In order for data packets in wireless sensor networks, or WSNs to reach their final destinations, or sinks, several routing mechanisms must be used. Sensors are used in the real world to keep track of things like weather and security threats. Most WSNs are able to identify unique environmental occurrences. However, several WSNs may use a variety of sensors to keep tabs on a variety of events simultaneously. Thermal sensors/meters monitor interior and outdoor conditions, body-temperature sensors detect intruders, etc., when used in a wireless sensor network (WSN) for a smart home. In addition, a health WSN is installed underground, making use of physiological sensors to track patients' vitals. This means that there might be many WSNs serving distinct functions in the same location. At the moment, the data transmission from each WSN is done separately. Simply put, the delivery efficiency may be improved due to the large number of available sensors for packet relay if all sensors in a situation like this multi-WSNs environment are able to share routing paths/nodes as well as relay event messages for other WSNs. Since the amount of energy required for wireless transmission grows with the square of the distance between the transmitter and receiver, this allows for more efficient transmission. In a heterogeneous sensors network, several WSNs share the same physical space, and each sensor forwards packets both inside and to other WSNs. To conserve energy, we propose this cooperative routing scheme, which we call Energy-Efficient Cooperative Routing Program for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensing Networks (EERH for short). The routing patterns are dynamically determined by the residual energy from the underlying sensor and their neighbors, as well as the transmission direction of event packets. To further reduce delivery power consumption, packets sent in the exact same direction by identical sensors are grouped together. Additionally, the EERH's network characteristics, such as the delay in propagation of an event packets as well as the distance of transmission of a sensor, may be modified to accommodate the specific requirements of a given deployment. The EERH effectively lengthens the lifespan of a heterogeneous WSN, as shown by the simulation findings.