Web Bases in Degree Two From Hourglass Plabic Graphs
Christian Gaetz, Oliver Pechenik, Stephan Pfannerer, Jessica Striker, Joshua P. Swanson · International Mathematics Research Notices · 2025
Abstract Webs give a diagrammatic calculus for spaces of $U_{q}(\mathfrak{sl}_{r})$-tensor invariants, but intrinsic characterizations of web bases are only known in certain cases. Recently, we introduced hourglass plabic graphs to give the first such $U_{q}(\mathfrak{sl}_{4})$-web bases. Separately, Fraser introduced a web basis for Plücker degree two representations of arbitrary $U_{q}(\mathfrak{sl}_{r})$. Here, we show that Fraser’s basis agrees with that predicted by the hourglass plabic graph framework and give an intrinsic characterization of the resulting webs. A further compelling feature with many applications is that our bases exhibit rotation-invariance. Together with the results of our earlier paper, this implies that hourglass plabic graphs give a uniform description of all known rotation-invariant $U_{q}(\mathfrak{sl}_{r})$-web bases. Moreover, this provides a single combinatorial model simultaneously generalizing the Tamari lattice, the alternating sign matrix lattice, and the lattice of plane partitions. As a part of our argument, we develop properties of square faces in arbitrary hourglass plabic graphs, a key step in our program towards general $U_{q}(\mathfrak{sl}_{r})$-web bases.