A Comparative Review of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) in 4G and 5G Networks: Advancements, Challenges, and Future Directions
D. Daya Priyanka, Y. K. Sundara Krishna · 2023
The rapid evolution of mobile communication networks has ushered in the era of 5G, characterized by enhanced data rates, ultra-low latency, and massive Internet of Things (IoT) connectivity. This review paper examines the performance of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) in 4G and 5G networks. It focuses on the advancements and challenges specific to 5G, including increased bandwidth, advanced modulation schemes, and dynamic spectrum allocation. The paper explores enhancements in 5G TCP mechanisms, such as improved congestion control and lowlatency design. It reviews existing literature on TCP performance in both 4G and 5G networks, highlighting improvements and considerations for 5G. Challenges in deploying TCP over 5G, such as increased signaling overhead and legacy system compatibility, are discussed. The paper identifies areas for further research to enhance TCP performance in 5G networks.