A Review of Zero Trust Security Framework (ZTF) for Sustainable and Resilient Smart Cities
Loukas Xagoraris, Dimitrios G. Kogias, Panagiotis Karkazis · 2023
In recent years, cities as they adopt smart technology in an ever-evolving technological environment, face new complex threats and security challenges. Threats that affect the privacy of citizens but often impact critical infrastructure of a smart city, creating sustainability risks. Hence, the cyber security incidents have multiplied, allowing these threats to disrupt the functioning of a smart digitized ecosystem. In addition to these challenges, the smart cities have been developed like a technological complex puzzle with different interconnected sensors and software. This Internet of Things (IoT) – based infrastructure of a smart city includes different smart grid systems which will be studied. This paper highlights the vulnerabilities of a digital ecosystem in a smart city environment and addresses the security and privacy issues regarding the IoT-based infrastructure and cloud computing. We also present future trends on blockchain technology and we focus on the presentation of a zero trust blockchain-security framework (ZTF) which can be developed to mitigate the urban surface area of vulnerability exploitation and security risks.