Time Delay Stability Analysis of Pairwise Interactions Amongst Ensemble-Listener RR Intervals and Expressive Music Features
Mateusz Soliński, Courtney N. Reed, Elaine Chew · Computing in cardiology · 2023
Time Delay Stability (TDS) can reveal physiological function and states in networked organs.Here, we introduce a novel application of TDS to a musical setting to study interactions between RR intervals of ensemble musicians and a listener, and music properties.Three musicians performed a movement from Schubert's Trio Op. 100 nine times in the company of one listener.Their RR intervals were collected during baseline (5 min, silence) and performances (∼10 min each).Loudness and tempo were extracted from recorded music audio.Regions of stable optimal time delay were identified during baseline and music, shuffled data, and data pairs from incongruent recordings.Bootstrapping was employed to obtain mean TDS probabilities (calculated based on all performances).A significant difference in mean TDS probability between music and baseline was observed for all musician pairs (p < .001)and for cello-listener (p = .025).A significant decrease in mean TDS probability was observed for piano-violin (p < .001),violin-tempo (p = .045),and cello-tempo (p < .001)for mixed pairs.The highest intermusician TDS probabilities were observed in musically tense sections.This framework offers a promising way to track dynamic RR interval interactions between people engaged in a shared activity, and, here, between the people and music properties.