Vulnerability Indicators on The Operation of Electric Motorcycle - Battery Swapping Station
Yusuf Priyandari, Wahyudi Sutopo, Muhammad Ameer Syafiq Mohamad Nizam, Hendro Wicaksono · 2023
The use of electric motorcycle-battery swapping stations (EM-BSS) is one of the efforts to accelerate the adoption of electric motorcycles in Indonesia.The EM-BSS system can be viewed as a digital supply chain (DSC) that utilizes Internet of Things (IoT) technology to carry out system activities.The system certainly deals with the issue of supply chain operational vulnerability, which is a concern for supply chain practitioners today.A causal inference approach is used to estimate the supply chain operational vulnerability level.The first step in using the causal inference approach is to create a structural causal model based on the expert knowledge domain.Structural causal modeling started with identifying vulnerability indicators: consequences, drivers, and threat sources.The vulnerability indicator on the EM-BSS system obtained 12 vulnerability performance indicators as consequences, 21 vulnerability drivers, and four potential threat sources.