Parallel lawmaking as a protected object of copyright in most countries of Europe and the USA
Yusupov Jasurbek Melsovich · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · 2023
The trend towards a simplistic approach to assessing copyrightability contributes to a general reduction in requirements for originality of works and, in a number of states, leads to the granting of national copyright protection to works with a low level of creativity and duplicate works. Works with an insignificant level of creativity in the European doctrine are synonymously called "small coin", works "with minor changes" or works "with insignificant authorship". This concept is traditionally applied to intellectual products with a minimum creative component, which gives reason to classify such objects as the "lower limit of copyright protection". Works with a low level of creativity in different countries may include photographic works, computer programs and databases, geographical maps and plans, catalogs, brochures and slogans, descriptions of driving directions, decorative and applied products (furniture, lamps, fashionable clothes, make-up etc.), technical diagrams and drawings, telephone directories and other such compilations, program guides and pop music products.