Clustering Mechanism in Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Data Aggregation
Sharmin Sharmin, Ismail Ahmedy, Rafidah Md Noor, Habibah Ismail · 2023
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of numerous sensor nodes with distinct resources working together to achieve a common objective efficiently. A critical issue is extending the network lifetime of WSNs, especially for data transfer, as sensor nodes depend on their internal batteries to carry out essential functions and communicate with one another. Efficient energy use per sensor is essential for ensuring the overall energy efficiency of the network. Clustering has been the most energy-efficient approach but lacking a method for selecting the most effective cluster head results in decreased data aggregation efficiency, leading to the increased power consumption of sensor nodes. The project aims to enhance energy efficiency and extend network service life by using Particle Swarm optimization (PSO) for clustering in WSNs. PSO is used to select the cluster head based on member node distance from the base station and remaining energy. The proposed PSO technique was tested against Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH), Stable Election Protocol (SEP), Zonal Stable Election Protocol Z-SEP, and Extended Stable Election Protocol (EZ-SEP) and found to be more effective in reducing energy usage and prolonging the network’s lifespan. The recommended technique can extend the service life of WSNs and reduce energy consumption, ultimately leading to more cost-effective and eco-friendly solutions for various applications such as environmental monitoring, surveillance, and healthcare.