A Survey on Facial Expression Recognition: Modality, Methodologies, Challenges and Emerging Topics
Ali Raza Shahid · 2023
Face expression recognition (FER) aims to identify human emotions from facial images.It has broad applications in human-machine interaction, education, business, and plays a vital role in future artificial intelligence systems.In this survey, we summarize the current FER systems' general framework and a list of milestone techniques that evolved from handcrafted to deep feature learning techniques for both lab-controlled and in-the-wild conditions.In particular, we dive into the depths of the challenges of FER, including uncertain annotation, occlusion, pose, identity variants, race, gender, and other bias.We also look ahead to identifying some emerging topics in FER for the future direction.