Summary of Locating Hardware Trojans using Combinatorial Testing for Cryptographic Circuits
Ludwig Kampel, Paris Kitsos, Dimitris E. Simos · 2023
In [1] covering arrays (CAs) are applied in a combinatorial testing fault location approach (CT-FLA) to hardware Trojans (HTs) testing for cryptographic circuits. Applying CAs of sufficiently high strength (ℓ + 1), the method is guaranteed to locate all combinational HTs with trigger patterns of length or less. The approach is demonstrated in a concrete case study where we locate HTs embedded in a circuit that implements the AES encryption algorithm for 128 bit keys. The experiments demonstrate how any HT that is activated by a trigger pattern of length ℓ ≤ 8 can be identified by means of its activation pattern. Our method compares well against randomized approaches. This extended abstract presents a summary of the work in [1].