A comparative study of energy-efficient clustering protocols for WSN-internet-of-things
T. Kanimozhi, Shree Umarani · International Journal of Hydromechatronics · 2023
Recent research predicts many internet-connected technologies, including mobile phones and devices that collect data and operate in exterior settings. WSNs provide flexibility, reliability, and intelligence to the internet of things (IoT). WSNs often use sensors with limited power and memory. The biggest issue in these systems is the high energy depletion during data transmission from the origin node to the destination nodes, which reduces node longevity. Because node batteries cannot be replaced, WSN-IoT energy usage is a big design challenge. Thus, WSN-IoT clustering protocol (CP) improves energy efficiency and network lifetime. Many researchers have created energy-efficient CPs (EECPs) for WSN-IoT energy conservation. Such protocols cluster nodes by residual energy, distance, etc. to maximise energy production. This study covers various WSN-IoT EECPs. It also tabulates protocol benefits, drawbacks, and simulation efficiency. Several protocols were simulated to evaluate network longevity, residual energy, throughput, packet delivery ratio (PDR), and stability. Finally, WSN-IoT systems can be made more energy efficient and last longer.