An obfuscation scheme of scan chain to protect the cryptographic chips
Huixian Huang, Xiaole Cui, Shuming Zhang, Ge Li, Xiaoxin Cui · 2022
The scan chain, as the most popular structured design for testability (DfT) approach, significantly improves the controllability and observability of the circuit under test (CUT). However, the scan chain can be exploited by the hackers to retrieve the secret information in the cryptographic chip. This work proposes an obfuscation scheme of scan chain with test key. The scan chain is divided into segments by the multiplexers, and the linear feedback shift registers (LFSRs) are constructed by the scan cells in the chain. The selection signals of the multiplexers are controlled by the test key bits, and the two input signals of the multiplexers are the original scan chain data and the feedback data of the corresponding LFSR, respectively. The scan chain works normally if all the key bits are correct. Any wrong key bit leads to the flips on the selection signal of the inserted multiplexer periodically during the test mode, and the scan output is obfuscated. Analysis and simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme is resilient against the previous scan-based attacks, while maintaining the advantages of the scan testing,